Symptoms
One of the fields in a rule configuration is populated in DEVELOPMENT but empty when the deployment to STAGING is complete. I don't know if the field in question is being captured in DEVELOPMENT and failing to deploy to STAGING, or if the field is failing to be captured in DEVELOPMENT.
Diagnoses
The issue is caused by document library SmartObjects between the 2 environments are out of sync.
Resolution
Recreating the document libraries with the same names resolved the issue.