Symptoms
Quick Search filtering on a Date/Time data type doesn't take expected input. For instance, the Date data type displays as 1/2/3333, but the required input for filtering is 3333-01-02.
Diagnoses
This is a known issue with how the List View Quick Search filters on Date and Date/Time data types.
Resolution
Dates (not Date/Time fields) will be searchable with the following format: YYYY-MM-DD. A workaround would be to change the Date/Time field to Date (as well as the background data), change the styling to YYYY-MM-DD, and search on quick search using this formatting.