Symptoms
You may be aware that K2 smart actions can be extended using MEF (Managed Extensibility Framework). This information can be found, for example, in the following K2 webinar on K2 SmartActions:
http://www.k2.com/smartactions_webinar
Unfortunately this webinar does not give any examples of code, and does not go into details on how to write plugins for Smart Action.
Diagnoses
There is an example, which uses MEF available on GitHub:
https://github.com/k2workflow/Samples.MessageBus.ProcessStarter
Resolution
Example mentioned above starts a process when MessageBus receives an email. You can use it to familiarize yourself with SmartActions extensibility using MEF.